Documents mentioned the village of Orschwiller for the first time in 768, under the name Andaldovillare. The rocky outcrop above it belonged to a brotherhood of monks. Their land was confiscated by Frederik I, duke of Swabia, who launched the construction of a castle that would become the Haut-Koenigsbourg. The fortified fortress was built by the Hohenstaufen dynasty in 1147. Due to the strategic location of the coveted castle, Orschwiller experienced numerous attacks throughout its history.