Once the glowing crystal mass is attached to the rod, it is shaped by the glassblower with a short blast and rotating movements of the rod. It is then inserted into a cast iron or steel mould heated by a blowtorch. This method makes it possible to produce series of models with relief patterns – in this case stemware – more quickly. The blowtorch keeps the crystal mass at a high temperature during the casting process. In 1909, René Lalique perfected this technique and filed an industrial patent.