The village of Roussillon in the Vaucluse department owes its reputation to the richness of its ochres exploited from the end of the 19th century in large quarries that employed a thousand people in the 1930s. Today returned to nature, the site has been massively colonized by maritime pines and Scots pines coexisting with white oaks and holm oaks on limited and discontinuous areas. Visitors also observe formations of white poplars in the valleys between the many vineyards and the few cereal crops.