In 2017, for the first time since the discovery of new Bonobos in 1929, a new orangutan species called Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis) was discovered in the Batang Toru region of northern Sumatra, in Indonesia. This discovery brings to 3 the number of orangutan species known. Cranial specificities suggest that they descend directly from the first orangutans which migrated from mainland Asia and thus constitute the oldest lineage of the species. .