There are three types of subsoils on the territory of Riquewihr. The Vosges mountains are made up mainly of granite and gneiss, while its hills are constituted of sedimentary rocks. Indeed, at low altitudes, marls are sometimes associated with beds of gypsum, limestone, or dolomite. South of the Sembach valley, and higher up, are limestone soils dating from the Triassic. Each of these soils is favorable to a great diversity of grape varieties that makes the region's wines famous.