In South Africa, 40% of the total population is rural. Agriculture represents 2.5% of the country's GDP and employs 5.4% of the active population. It retains a great duality inherited from years of racial segregation with, on one side, an export-oriented commercial agriculture in the hands of a few white farmers, and on the other, a subsistence family farming, which concerns around 2.9 million households in the black and mestizo communities.