In the Arctic Archipelago, there are alpine glaciers and continental glaciers. Glaciers may end on land, in a lake or in the ocean, as an ice shelf. By waves action, tidal action, earthquake vibrations or rising temperatures, pieces of ice detach from their parent glacier by a process known as calving. The size of the icebergs ranges from bergy bit (almost 20 m2 with a rise of 1 meter above water) to masses of 1 km long and more than 200 m high.