At the beginning of the 20th century, Robert Esnault-Pelterie (alias R.E.P.) was the first aircraft manufacturer to build an entire machine, from the engine to the airframe and wing. He also invented the static engine test bench, which allowed engines to be operated day and night to test their endurance. His REP type D equipped with a 60 hp engine broke several altitude and speed records during 1910. It was on board the REP type D prototype kept by the Musée de l’Air et de l’Espace (Air and Space Museum) that the pilot Pierre-Marie Bournique flew a 330 miles (530 km) loop in 6 hours 29 minutes, over Buc in the Yvelines, on 31 December 1910.