The Arctic region, from the ancient Greek Arktos (bear), owes its name to the polar star of the Little Bear (also Little Dipper) which lies just above her, at the North Pole, in the exact alignment of the Earth rotation. This region consists of the Arctic Ocean and the northern lands surrounding it. These territories belong to the countries encircling the Arctic Ocean (Norway, Russia, Canada...). Victoria Island is an island of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.