A city of Greek origin founded by the Phocaeans, Antibes had its first fortification wall in the late Antiquity, supplemented in the Middle Ages by another wall with several round towers. At the heart of the rivalry between Francis of France I and Charles V, the ambitions of the Dukes of Savoy, and the French Wars of Religion, the city was sacked several times. In the 17th century, a project fixing the final orientation of the ramparts was designed by the engineer Raymond de Bonnefons. Antibes was then protected by an enclosure of four bastions pierced by two doors, the work of which was continued by Vauban, who carried out new developments. A relief map of 1747 kept at the Musée des Plans-Reliefs testifies to the appearance of the fortifications before the downgrading of the stronghold in 1889 and the leveling of the ramparts in 1893.