Palm trees (Arecaceae) have about 2,800 species worldwide, divided into 200 genera. They constitute a family of great symbolic and identity importance in the Caribbean, where they are represented by 21 genera, including three endemics, and 135 species, including 121 endemics. In Martinique, seven genera and 11 native species have been identified. Among them are a strict endemic species and three species protected by ministerial decree of December 26, 1988. Beyond their aesthetic value, these identity markers of tropical landscapes are also sources of food, starch, salt, wax, fiber, oil, medicine, thatch, and building materials.