The Saint-Denis Basilica is one of the first masterpieces of Gothic art. The abbey church was built on the site of the tomb of St. Denis, the first bishop of Paris, who was martyred by the Romans in the 3rd century. From the 12th century onwards, the banner of Saint-Denis Abbey became the flag of the kings of France who went to war with the cry of “Montjoye, saint-Denis!” Ransacked during the Revolution, the basilica was restored in the 19th century. The stained glass windows, inspired by those of the 13th century, were almost identically restored, like this southern rose. The basilica has been listed as a historical monument since 1862.