Champagne region is subject to a degraded oceanic climate: it is influenced by the continental climate of Eastern Europe. This climatic transition results in significant temperature variations, with hot summers and long, harsh winters. The temperature can reach almost 86°F (30°C) in July and barely 34°F (1°C) in December. The average annual temperature is about 51°F (11°C). Rainfall is moderate (between 550 and 700 mm per year). The shoulder seasons are mild but can sometimes be harsh (late cold, late heat, etc.)