The arrival of synthetic dyes on the market and the crisis of 1929 deeply impacted the production of ocher in the Luberon and elsewhere. It collapsed from 40,000 tons in 1928 to stagnate around 15,000 tons in the early 1950s. In 1955, the Roussillon and Villars basins ceased their activity, and in 1960 the SOF (Société des Ocres de France) definitively closed its Burgundy factory to refocus on Provence. In 1970, only four companies (Établissements Chauvin, Société Lamy, Établissements Pons, SOF) still existed. Today, SOF operated in Gargas remains the last ocher mining company in France and Europe.