The moulding material for bells is composed of three main elements, virtually unchanged for centuries: clay for plasticity, horse dung for porosity, hemp, oakum or goat hair for cohesion. A mixture capable of withstanding temperatures of over 2,012°F (1,100°C). The clay is sourced locally whilst the horse dung is collected from a nearby field (the animal must have eaten grass). To properly mix the material, Cornille-Havard uses a baker's kneading machine set up in a corner of the workshop.