These wolves live in groups of 7 to 10 individuals. Each pack has a dominant male and female, who bond for life. Only the alpha couple breeds, the mother gives birth to two or three pups. Wolfpack members protect each other, educating the young and feeding the older. It is difficult to dig dens in the permafrost of the Arctic so they stay in rock outcroppings, caves, or shallow depressions of the tundra soil.