Port-Cros National Park and the Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE) have launched a ten-year ecological restoration program conceived to pilot future similar actions within the Mediterranean ecosystems. This scientific experiment aims to preserve the island biodiversity of the emerged parts of the islands of the national park by eradicating Witches' Claws (Carpobrotus edulis) and Black Rats (Rattus rattus), two invasive species with harmful effects on the local ecological balances. The program also provides for an initial fauna and flora inventory and ten-year post-eradication monitoring of a panel of native species according to standardized protocols.