The locality of Venasque occupies an easy-to-defend location favorable to an ancient human occupation thanks to the cultivable and well-irrigated areas of the Comtat plain and the large wooded areas and scrublands of the Monts de Vaucluse that provided wood and allowed sheep farming. The human presence in the area since the Paleolithic and mostly Neolithic periods is confirmed by traces in the caves of the Nesque valley. In Gallic times, Venasque - then Vindasca - was one of the main strongholds of the Memini tribe. The natural defenses of the village perched on a rocky outcrop have been improved over the centuries by a wall reinforced with towers still visible today.