The Domaine de Villarceaux in the Val d’Oise, the first eco-managed historical monument in Europe, has preserved an exceptional fauna, flora, and natural habitats. In the ponds, carp, pike and white-clawed crayfish abound in waters rich in phytoplankton and zooplankton that attract wild swans, geese, herons, and cormorants. As for the flora, rare species have reappeared, such as terrestrial orchids, climbing urticaria and the great blue columbine. The park’s undergrowth is home to roe deer, foxes, red squirrels, wild boar, hares, and birds of prey, such as the kestrel and the sparrowhawk.