The populations of Hermann's tortoises (Testudo hermanni hermanni) in the wild are declining, mainly due to forest fires and urbanization. In Provence, the species has almost disappeared from the Estérel and Tanneron massifs and strongly declined in the Maures and Colle du Rouet massifs, where their populations are scarce and confined. Hermann's tortoises still have significant population centers in the plain of the Maures. Local (SOPTOM) and European (Life) preservation programs endeavor to limit such decline processes.